Friendly and Adopted Sons
...itution), and George Meade (banker and trustee of Old. St. Mary’s).[1] The group was non-denomination and had members from Catholics to Quakers.[2] The group created a constitution, limiting members to those that were “the descendants of Irish parents by either side in the first degree, and the descendants of every
American Federation of Catholic Societies
...he Federation becoming too political, which led to the constitution of the group declaring that it would not engage in partisan politics nor endorse any candidates.[6] However, some members of the clergy were nervous that this would give rise to anti-Catholic sentiment that the Church had experienced in the mid-1800s.
Thomas Nast Anti-Irish Cartoons
...6 Nast’s anti-Irish cartoons focus on the Irish as a destructive and lying group, who endangered American society. In the immediate aftermath of the Orange Riot of July 12, 1871 in New York City, in which Irish Catholics clashed with the National Guard protecting an Irish Protestant parade, Nast drew
Black Catholic periodicals
...the 19th century. In November 1889, a number of prominent men (the actual number is not known) gathered in Baltimore for the first black Catholic lay congress in the country’s history. The emergence of this community was largely due to the efforts of Daniel Rudd, the “leading Catholic representative of